Referenzen Vorgehen bei S. aureus-Bakteriämie

1) Mortalität der S. aureus-Bakteriämie

• van Hal SJ et al. Predictors of mortality in Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. Clin Microbiol Rev 2012; 25:362–86, doi 10.1128/CMR.05022-11, PMID 22491776
• Benfield T et al. Increasing incidence but decreasing in-hospital mortality of adult Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia between 1981 and 2000. Clin Microbiol Infect 2007; 13:257–63, doi 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2006.01589.x, PMID 17391379
• Kaech C et al. Course and outcome of Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia: a retrospective analysis of 308 episodes in a Swiss tertiary-care centre. Clin Microbiol Infect 2006, doi 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2005.01359.x, PMID 16524411
• Rieg S et al. Mortality of S. aureus bacteremia and infectious diseases specialist consultation—a study of 521 patients in Germany. J Infect 2009; 59:232–9, doi 10.1016/j.jinf.2009.07.015, PMID 19654021
• Cosgrove SE et al. Comparison of mortality associated with methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: a meta-analysis. Clin Infect Dis. 2003; 36(1):53–5, doi 10.1086/345476, PMID 12491202
• Kaasch AJ et al. Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection: A pooled analysis of five prospective, observational studies. J Infect. 2014; 68(3):242–25, doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2013.10.015, PMID 24247070

 2) Leitlinien (komplizierte S. aureus-Bakteriämie)

• Liu et al., Clinical practice guidelines by the infectious diseases society of america for the treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections in adults and children, Clin Infect Dis. 2011 Feb 1;52(3):e18-55. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciq146, PMID 21208910
• Holland TL et al. Clinical management of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: a review. JAMA 2014; 312:1330. doi: 10.1001/jama.2014.9743, PMID: 25268440
• Habib et al. 2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of infective endocarditis: The Task Force for the Management of Infective Endocarditis of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC), European Heart Journal, Volume 36, 2015, doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehv319, PMID 26320109

3) Flucloxacillin ist Firstline-Therapie für die S. aureus-Bakteriämie

• Lowy FD, Staphylococcus aureus infections. N Engl J Med. 1998 Aug 20;339(8):520-32. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199808203390806, PMID: 9709046
• Paul M. et al., Are all beta-lactams similarly effective in the treatment of methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia? Clin Microbiol Infect 2011; 17: 1581-1586. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2010.03425.x, PMID: 21073629
• Thwaites GE et al. Clinical management of Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia. Lancet Infect Dis. 2011;11:208–222. DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(10)70285-1, PMID: 21371655
• Holland TL et al., Clinical management of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: a review. JAMA. 2014 Oct 1;312(13):1330-41. doi: 10.1001/jama.2014.9743, PMID: 25268440

4) Zieltalspiegel Vancomycin 15-20 mg/l

• Liu et al., Clinical practice guidelines by the infectious diseases society of america for the treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections in adults and children, Clin Infect Dis. 2011 1;52(3):e18-55. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciq146, PMID 21208910
• Rybak et al., Therapeutic monitoring of vancomycin in adults summary of consensus recommendations from the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, the Infectious Diseases Society of America, and the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists, Pharmacotherapy. 2009 Nov;29(11):1275-9, PMID 19873687

5) Linezolid ist keine gleichwertige Alternative zu Vancomycin bei MRSA-Bakteriämie

• Holmes et al., Treatment of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Vancomycin and Beyond, Sem. Resp Crit C Med., 2015 36(1):17-30, doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1397040, PMID: 25643268
• VanEperen et al., Empirical therapy in Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections: An Up-To-Date approach, J. Infect Chemother, 2016 22(6):351-9, doi: 10.1016/j.jiac.2016.02.012, PMID: 27066882